{"id":2893,"date":"2024-03-07T09:42:14","date_gmt":"2024-03-07T08:42:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bf-hydraulik.com\/encyclopedia\/hydraulic-fluids\/"},"modified":"2026-04-15T11:54:01","modified_gmt":"2026-04-15T09:54:01","slug":"hydraulic-fluids","status":"publish","type":"encyclopedia","link":"https:\/\/www.bf-hydraulik.com\/en\/hydraulic-fluids\/","title":{"rendered":"Hydraulic Fluids"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"2893\" class=\"elementor elementor-2893 elementor-615\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-735b55f8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"735b55f8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2820cb8b\" data-id=\"2820cb8b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9fb9997 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9fb9997\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1>Hydraulic fluids for durable power transmission<\/h1><p>Hydraulics is the study of energy transmission through fluids. The property of fluids that is of interest for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bf-hydraulik.com\/hydraulische-anlagen.html\">hydraulic systems<\/a> is their incompressibility. This would make practically any liquid suitable for hydraulics. In practice, however, there are several other requirements for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bf-hydraulik.com\/en\/hydraulic-fluids\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Hydraulic fluids for durable power transmissionHydraulics is the study of energy transmission through fluids. The property of fluids that is of interest for hydraulic systems is their incompressibility. This would&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">hydraulic fluids<\/a>. This significantly limits the selection of usable liquids.     <\/p><h2>Requirements for a hydraulic fluid<\/h2><p>When speaking of the properties and requirements of a hydraulic fluid, this refers to its suitability for closed technical-<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bf-hydraulik.com\/en\/hydraulic-system\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Hydraulic system: design &amp; applications explained simplyA hydraulic system is used to apply large forces in a targeted manner over a defined distance with minimal effort. The underlying hydraulic principle&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">hydraulic system<\/a>s. Although open systems, such as deep-well pumps, also function according to hydraulic principles, they do not play a role in this context. <\/p><p>The primary task of a hydraulic fluid is to transmit energy with low losses. In a hydraulic context, energy refers to operating pressure and volume flow. However, the hydraulic engineer must also consider the waste heat generated by friction or the drive when selecting the working liquid. Furthermore, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bf-hydraulik.com\/en\/hydraulic-fluids\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Hydraulic fluids for durable power transmissionHydraulics is the study of energy transmission through fluids. The property of fluids that is of interest for hydraulic systems is their incompressibility. This would&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">hydraulic fluids<\/a> must meet numerous other requirements. In summary, these are the prerequisites that make a liquid suitable for use in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bf-hydraulik.com\/en\/hydraulic-system\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Hydraulic system: design &amp; applications explained simplyA hydraulic system is used to apply large forces in a targeted manner over a defined distance with minimal effort. The underlying hydraulic principle&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">hydraulic system<\/a>s:    <\/p><ul><li>Incompressibility<\/li><li>Good lubricating properties<\/li><li>Resistant to aging processes<\/li><li>Good wetting and adhesion<\/li><li>High flash point<\/li><li>Acid-free<\/li><li>Non-resinating<\/li><li>Consistent viscosity across the entire temperature range<\/li><li>No foaming<\/li><li>Protective properties against corrosion<\/li><li>Non-hygroscopic<\/li><\/ul><p>These requirements are met by specially mixed mineral oils. They are referred to as &ldquo;hydraulic oils.&rdquo; Hydraulic applications in the feed and food industries present a particular challenge. They may only be operated with hydraulic oils that have the appropriate certification.   <\/p><h3>Selection of suitable hydraulic fluids as hydraulic oil<\/h3><p>Hydraulic oils are identified by the letter H. The following classification has emerged in this technical application: <\/p><p><strong>H: <\/strong>The &ldquo;ancestor&rdquo; of all hydraulic oils according to DIN 51524. <br>It contains no additives and is hardly used today.<\/p><p><strong>HL: <\/strong>Hydraulic oil with additives for improved corrosion protection and against premature aging. This oil is approved for pressures up to 200 bar. <\/p><p><strong>HLP:<\/strong> High-pressure oil, largely identical to HL but approved for pressures above 200 bar.<\/p><p><strong>HM:<\/strong> Oil with improved tribological properties, specifically against &ldquo;scuffing.&rdquo; <br>This makes it particularly suitable for use in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bf-hydraulik.com\/en\/gear-pumps\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Gear pumps in hydraulics - the first choice for many standard applicationsHydraulic systems require a pressure generator. The higher the required pressure, the more powerful the pump used must be.&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">gear pumps<\/a>.<\/p><p><strong>HV: <\/strong>Same as HM, but with an increased temperature range.<\/p><p><strong>HLPD:<\/strong> Hydraulic oil with high self-cleaning properties. <br>It efficiently transports dirt particles to the filters.<\/p><h3>Hydraulic fluids and environmental protection<\/h3><p>The problematic aspect of hydraulic oils is their contaminating properties in the environment. In the event of leaks or improper disposal, they can be just as toxic as engine oil. For critical environments such as nature or water protection areas, special oils have therefore been developed that are biodegradable. They can be recognized by the <strong>HE<\/strong> designation.   <\/p><h3>Fire-resistant hydraulic fluids<\/h3><p>If hydraulic oils must not have any fire-promoting effects, flame-retardant oils are the medium of choice. They can be identified by the letter combination HFD. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-17578f6\" data-id=\"17578f6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18d5d30 elementor-widget elementor-widget-sidebar\" data-id=\"18d5d30\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"sidebar.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"display:none;\">Search<\/div><form role=\"search\" method=\"get\" class=\"encyclopedia search-form\" action=\"https:\/\/www.bf-hydraulik.com\/en\/encyclopedia\/\">\n    \n    \n    <label class=\"screen-reader-text\" for=\"encyclopedia-search-term\">Search<\/label>\n    <input type=\"text\" id=\"encyclopedia-search-term\" name=\"s\" 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